{"id":9785,"date":"2019-03-25T09:00:08","date_gmt":"2019-03-25T08:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/blog\/?p=9785"},"modified":"2022-03-15T10:06:54","modified_gmt":"2022-03-15T09:06:54","slug":"data-science-ethics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/2019\/03\/25\/data-science-ethics\/","title":{"rendered":"Data Science Ethics: Without Conscience It Is But The Ruin of the Soul"},"content":{"rendered":"

Data Science is on the agenda but what about Data Science Ethics?\u00a0The twin motors of data and information technology are driving innovation forward in most every aspect of human enterprise. In a similar fashion, Data Science today profoundly influences how business is done in fields as diverse as the life sciences, smart cities<\/a>, and transportation<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

As cogent as these directions have become, the dangers of data science without ethical considerations is as equally apparent<\/strong> – whether it be the protection of personally identifiable data, implicit bias in automated decision-making, the illusion of free choice in psychographics, the social impacts of automation, or the apparent divorce of truth and trust in virtual communication. \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Data
Pr Lee Schlenker with Vinci’s #Weareleonard Camille Desforges is preparing is Apr 5th Offsite lecture. The Advanced Master’s in Digital Business Strategy of Grenoble Ecole de Management will be hosted by Vinci on that date.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Justifying the need for focus on the Data Science Ethics goes beyond a balance sheet of these opportunities and challenges, for the practice of data science challenges our perceptions of what it means to be human.<\/em><\/p>\n

This contribution was inspired by Julie Compagny\u2019s noteworthy article on the Digital Me Up. Digital Me up is the blog of our students from the Advanced Master’s in Digital Business Strategy of Grenoble Management School<\/a>, where I teach and Julie is one of the students from the 2018-2019 academic year. This topic will be on the menu of next month\u2019s lecture about \u201cTechnology and Innovation”, which I will deliver on the premises of Vinci’s incubator, aptly named Leonard.<\/p>\n

Data Science ethics and its influences on today’s business practices<\/h2>\n

Margo Boenig-Liptsin\u2019s points out that our ever-increasing reliance on information technology has fundamentally transformed traditional concepts of \u201cprivacy\u201d, \u201cfairness\u201d and \u201crepresentation\u201d, not to mention \u201cfree choice\u201d, \u201ctruth\u201d and \u201ctrust\u201d<\/a>.These mutations underline the increasing footprint and responsibilities of data science \u2013 beyond the bytes and bits, data science shakes the perceptual foundations of value, community, and equity. \u00a0If academia has been quick to establish Data Science programs around statistics, computation and software engineering, few programs address the larger societal concerns of data science, and fewer still analyse how responsible data practices can be conditioned and even encouraged<\/a>. Let\u2019s sketch out the contours of this challenge.<\/p>\n

Data citizens and Data Science Ethics<\/h3>\n

Perhaps no area of Data Science Ethics has received more attention today than the protection of personal data.\u00a0 The digital transformation of our interactions with social and economics communities reveals who we are, what we think, and what we do. The recent introduction of legislation in Europe (GDPR), India (the Personal\u00a0Data Protection Act,\u00a02018)., and California (the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018) specifically recognize the rights of digital citizens, and implicitly address the dangers of the commercial use of personal and personally identifiable data.<\/p>\n

These legal frameworks try to rebalance the inequitable relationships of power and influence between organizations and individuals in codifying ethical benchmarks including the right to be informed, the right to object, the right of access, the right to rectification, and the right to be forgotten.<\/p>\n

The attention given to this legislation extends far beyond concerns for data protection. These attempts to define proper and illicit data practices respond to a number of ethical questions. As data become the new currency of the world economy, the lines between public and private, between individuals and society, and between the resource rich and the resource poor are being redrawn.<\/p>\n

Who owns personal data, and which rights can be assigned with explicit or implicit consent?\u00a0 To what extent should the public and private organizations be able to collect and control the vast records of our human interaction? \u00a0To what extent should these data controllers and data processors be held accountable for the loss or misuse of our data?<\/p>\n

Automated decision-making<\/h3>\n

The ability to conscientiously take decisions among alternative possibilities has long been viewed as a condition that separates man (or at least the living) from machines.\u00a0 As innovations in data science progress in algorithmic trading, self-driving cars, and robotics, the distinction between human and artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish.<\/p>\n

Current applications of machine learning cross the threshold of decision support systems and enter the realm of artificial intelligence where sophisticated algorithms are designed to replace human decision-making.<\/p>\n

Crossing this threshold introduces several ethical considerations. Can economic and\/or social organizations rely on increasingly complex methodologies in which many understand neither the assumptions nor the limits of the underlying models?<\/p>\n

Are we willing to accept that these applications, which by their very nature, learn from our experience \u2013 making us prisoners of our past and limiting our potential for growth and diversity?\u00a0 Do we understand that the inherent logic of these platforms can be gamed \u2013 which creates opportunities to \u201ccheat\u201d the system? \u00a0Last and but not least, who is legally responsible for the implicit bias inherent in automated decision -making?<\/p>\n

Micro-targeting<\/h3>\n

John Battelle suggested years ago that our digital footprints provide indelible roadmaps through the database of our intentions<\/a>. The leitmotif of Data Science has been to help organizations understand the objectives, motivations and actions of both individuals and communities. The work of Michal Kosinski and David Stillwell has promised even more in suggesting that the pertinence of prescriptive analytics can be greatly enhanced in focusing on patterns of behaviour\u00a0<\/a>(personality traits, beliefs, values, attitudes, interests, or lifestyles) rather than clusters of demographic data.<\/a><\/p>\n

Applications of micro-targeting have since been pitched as powerful tools of influence in the fields of marketing, politics and economics.\u00a0Even if an individual\u2019s ability to exercise \u201cfree choice\u201d has long been a subject of debate, the practice of feeding consumers only information that they will agree with binds rationality even further.<\/p>\n

Moreover, micro-targeting techniques allow researchers extrapolate sensitive information and personal preferences of individuals even when such data is not specifically captured.\u00a0 Finally, as the \u201cclient becomes the product\u201d, there is a real danger that data science is used less to improve an organization\u2019s product or service offering than to turn consumers into objects of manipulation.<\/p>\n

Distributed ledgers<\/h3>\n

The goal of Information technology has long been to provide a single version of the truth to facilitate exchanges of products, services and ideas.\u00a0 For a number of reasons tied to the evolution of both the global economy and national markets, a perceptual gap has grown between this \u201cground truth\u201d and the trust consumers have in the intermediaries (like the State, the banks, and the corporations) that capture, collect, and monetize this data. The social mechanics of the World Wide Web distort the relationship even further, putting on equal footing fact and fiction, favouring the extremes to the banality of normality.<\/p>\n

Distributed ledger technologies in general, and blockchain technologies in particular, offer their share of hope both for a more transparent and traceable source of information.<\/p>\n

Yet this vision of an Internet of Value is partially clouded by the potential societal challenges of relatively untested technologies.\u00a0 Can technology in and of itself be the standard for both truth and trust? To what degree will people and organizations accept the primacy of transparency?\u00a0 On what basis can social values \u2014 like the right to be forgotten<\/em>\u2014 be reconciled with the technical requirements of public ledgers? \u00a0Freed from the conventions and the logic of financial capitalism, can human nature accept a radically different basis for the distribution of wealth?<\/p>\n

Human and machine intelligence<\/h3>\n

\"Data<\/span>Although the impact of information technology on the organization of private and public enterprise has been largely debated over the last four decades, the impact of data science on the function of management has received considerably less attention.<\/p>\n

In the trade press, technology is often seen as ethically neutral, proving a digital mirror of the dominant managerial paradigms at any point in time.<\/p>\n

In academia the relationship is subject to closer scrutiny, authors like Latour, Callon and Law have demonstrated how different forms of technology influence the way that managers, employees and customers perceive the reality of social and economic exchanges, markets and industries.<\/p>\n

When focusing on data science, these concerns for the context bring to light their own lot of ethical considerations.\u00a0 If Data is never objective, to what extent must management understand the context of how the data was collected, analysed and transmitted? Similarly, as algorithms have become more pervasive and complex, to what extent do managers need to understand their assumptions and their limits?<\/p>\n

As applications assume larger and larger roles in key business processes, to what extent should management be defined around the coordination of\u00a0 \u00a0human and software agents?\u00a0 Seen from another perspective, as artificial intelligence matures, which functions of management should be delegated to bots and which should be reserved for humanity?<\/p>\n

The BAI Fall Session will explore the opportunities and challenges of digital citizens,\u00a0automated decision making, micro-targeting, distributed ledgers, and artificial intelligence using corporate testimony and cases in both the public and private sectors. The session is open to\u00a0management and engineering students, as well as working professionals. For details and inscriptions, please see Baifall.com<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Data Science is on the agenda but what about Data Science Ethics?\u00a0The twin motors of data and information technology are driving innovation forward in most every aspect of human enterprise. In a similar fashion, Data Science today profoundly influences how business is done in fields as diverse as the life sciences, smart cities, and transportation.\u00a0 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":44637,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4070],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-digital-transformation"],"yoast_head":"\nData Science Ethics: Without Conscience It Is But The Ruin of the Soul<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The practice of data science challenges our perceptions of what it means to be human. 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He is a speaker and author of many books. In 2014 he went from intrapreneur to entrepreneur, when he created his digital marketing agency. Yann Gourvennec a cr\u00e9\u00e9 visionarymarketing.com en 1996. Il est conf\u00e9rencier et auteur de plusieurs livres. En 2014, il est pass\u00e9 d'intrapreneur \u00e0 entrepreneur en cr\u00e9ant son agence de marketing num\u00e9rique.","sameAs":["https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com","http:\/\/facebook.com\/ygourven","http:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/ygourven","https:\/\/x.com\/ygourven","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/visionarymarketingagency"],"url":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/author\/yann-gourvennec\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9785","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9785"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9785\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/visionarymarketing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}